ARC Welding

loga

Kimpalan adalah satu proses pencantuman sesuatu bahan dengan bahan yang lain dengan menggunakan suatu bahan khas, contohnya logam atau termoplastik. Proses pengimpalan ini melibatkan pencairan sesuatu jenis logam tersebut untuk menjadikannya sebagai pengikat di antara sesuatu struktur dengan struktur yang lain.

Kadangkala tekanan juga digunakan di samping haba untuk menghasilkan kimpalan tersebut. Ini berbeza dengan pematerian, yang cuma meleburkan bahan sambungan (pateri) untuk membentuk sambungan, dan bukan struktur itu sendiri. Terdapat dua jenis kimpalan iaitu kimpalan arka dan kimpalan gas. Kimpalan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelbagai jenis kaedah. Antara kaedah kimpalan yang dikenalpasti adalah kimpalan dengan menggunakan nyalaan api, tenaga elektrik bervoltan tinggi, sinaran laser, tembakan elektron dan ultrabunyi.

Kimpalan arka

Kimpalan arka dijalankan secara mengalirkan tenaga elektrik daripada elektrod ke atas logam asas dan menukarkan tenaga elektrik ini kepada tenaga haba yang tinggi. Tenaga baba ini digunakan untuk melebur logarn elektrod, logam tambahan atau logam penyambung yang akhirnya menghasilkan satu sambungan kimpal. Pada asasnya, banyak tenaga elektrik diperlukan untuk mencapai suhu tertentu bagi melebur m dalam jangka masa yang pendek.

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW).

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

Dikenali sebagai kimpalan arka.Ia adalah satu proses kimpal dimana punca kepanasannya diperolehi dari arka elektrik dengan menggunakan elektrod(logam penambah).Ia adalah satu proses penyambungan logam dimana kepanasan arka terjadi apabila sentohan elektrod dikenakan pada logam asas.

Welders

• The simplest kind of welder is an stick welder. These can be found in the basements and garages of many homeowners who do welding on home projects or automotive work. The machines are designed to be easy to use by most people with some mechanical skill. MIG welders are also available for home use. These welders use a wire feed to melt and join the metals; a trigger mechanism feeds the wire into the weld area. MIG welders can use either a flux-core for simple, rough welds; or gas shielded wire, using argon or argon/helium to clear the weld area of contaminants for a neater weld, according to the website Welding Machines and Equipment. TIG welding also uses gases to cleanse the weld area and produces a very refined weld for more intricate work.

Electrodes

• Electrodes are fundamental tools of welding. Electrodes deliver the current to the work piece to fuse the pieces of metal together. Many different types of electrodes are available, each to suit different kinds of materials and tasks. For instance, a 7018 AC electrode is used on AC welders for its ability to produce crack-resistant welds on mild and carbon steels. A 6011 electrode can be used on rusty, dirty steel like farm equipment or tanks, according to the website The Welder Shop.
• Welding Helmet

  • The welding helmet is the most important piece of safety equipment for welding. The light produced by the electrical process can cause burns on the corneas of the eyes. The welding helmet has a darkened glass that protects the welder while he is working on the piece of metal.

  Other Safety Equipment

  • Leather gloves, sleeves, aprons or shoulder coverings protect the welder from the inevitable sparks that fly off the surface of the working area when welding, according to Lower Columbia College's recommended equipment list. Wearing goggles and safety glasses when working with metal is recommended. Heavy boots to protect the feet while welding are also required. Additionally, keeping a first aid kit on hand is standard operating procedure for experienced welders.

  Hand Tools

  • Welders generally use a number of hand tools to refine and complete the metalwork they have welded. This includes chipping hammers to remove slag, files to dress sharp edges, clamps to hold metal pieces in place during welding, wire brushes to clean welds, scribes to define welding areas, pliers to cut tips and bend wire, and squares and levels to keep surfaces in the correct position. Welders also use pieces of soapstone to mark the metal surfaces for welding